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Fatwas / Zakat / Calculating the Zakat of shops

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Dear respected Shaykh, assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh. A person who owns a supermarket counted the goods that he had and gave Zakat on that. Is this sufficient, or should he give Zakat based on the sales that he made throughout the year? What is the ruling of transferring Zakat to another country? إحصاء زكاة المتاجر

Answer

Praise be to Allah, and may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah, his family and his companions. Wa alaikum assalam wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh. As to what follows: In response to your question, we say: Zakat of the goods in the shops can be known by calculating the trade goods that are present in the shop, and giving Zakat on them. However, there will be goods which would have been sold for cash. Is the Zakat for this cash calculated based on a new lunar year?  The answer is no. The cash should be added to the total property upon which Zakat is due. Thus the Zakat would be calculated on the goods in the shop and the money realized from sales. However, if the money from the sales was spent before a year passed then there is no Zakat due on it. Should Zakat be paid in the country that the person paying it is in or can it be paid in another country?   The principle is that Zakat should be paid where the money is. The proof for this is a hadith in the Sahihain by ibn ‘Abbas concerning the statement of the Prophet (peace be upon him) when he sent Mu’ath to Yemen. He said, “then teach them that Allah has made it obligatory for them to pay the Zakat from their property and it is to be taken from the wealthy among them and given to the poor" [al-Bukhari (1395) and Muslim (19)]. Some commentators of hadith said that the phrase “the wealthy among them” means the wealthy people of that area. Other scholars were of the opinion that the phrase means the rich Muslims, thus Zakat can be given to poor Muslims even if they are not in the same area with the Zakat-payers. However, the principle is that Zakat is paid in the place where the property is found because people are attached to money, and if the needy people in the area that the property is present do not benefit from the property, it would be unfair for them. However, if there is need or benefit in transferring the Zakat like if there are people who are more needy, or if there is more benefit in giving Zakat to the people of another area, then in that case it would be permissible to transfer the Zakat.   


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